
Once the Market Research is carried out, the customer's need is given to the Research & Development division (R&D) to conceptualize a cost-effective system that could potentially solve the customer's needs. When the conceptual system is developed and tested in a hypothetical environment, the development team takes control of it. The development team adopts one of the software development methodologies, and develops the proposed system, and gives it to the customer.
The most effective way to reduce risk is to start testing early in the development cycle and to test iteratively, with every build. With this approach, defects are removed as the features are implemented. The testing of the application is completed shortly after the final features are coded, and as a result the product is ready for release much earlier. Additionally, the knowledge of what features are completed (i.e. both coded and tested) affords management greater control over the entire process and promotes effective execution of the business strategy.
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